A Message to Garcia. story Review Essay Example for Free

A Message to Garcia. story Review Essay Through hostile territory Rowan traveled by foot, within three weeks he delivered the letter to Garcia. In this story it was clear that he couldn’t express the things Rowan did to deliver this message, it was something incredible and not anything to boast about freely. The point the tried to make was that Rowan was given a task in which he asked no questions, he just did as he was told. The writer gave his opinion of what this meant to him. He said men don’t need to be book smart nor have a lot of knowledge on this subject but rather some courage, loyalty and trust. These things with some concentration are what it means to â€Å"carry a message†. I believe he’s saying it takes a man with no fear or hesitation to get the job done. At this point in the story General Garcia is now dead. The writer states this isn’t where it stops, there are many other Garcias.. Meaning story’s like this one. He says no man will succeed by being foolish or only working half hearted, he believes you will get out of the situation what you put in to it and if you don’t have heart for what your trying to accomplish.. your not going to be successful. Elbert Hubbard the writer of this story puts another example in to perspective for the audience to think about. He talks about six clerks, he puts one to the test. He has asks the clerk to look in the encyclopedia and make a short memorandum explaining life of Corregio. He goes on to explain, the clerk most likely will not know what he is talking about and the clerk will end up asking all sorts of questions trying to get more information on this subject. When the clerk runs out of questions he will resort to another clerk and task him to help complete this mission, but all in the end the clerk will come back to him stating there is no such man named Corregio. The point the trys to make is that by asking the clerk to do this for him rather than do it himself is stupid. He says â€Å"if men will not act for themselves, what will they do when the benefit of their effort is for all? † Hes basically saying that a lazy man who has no independence and takes no responsibility in a situation is a selfish person. In this story Elbert Hubbard makes the point that a man doesn’t need to know how to spell or puncuate, or he may not have a good memory or grammar. A man may be great at one thing and horrible at another. It doesn’t matter those small things, what matters is if a man has the courage, responsibility, loyalty, pride and determination. A unique mindset of someone who could be given any random task and any given time and ask no questions. Without hesitation, completing the task with a full heart and a focused mindset†¦ this is what it means to â€Å"carry a message to Garcia† I like this story a lot because it relates to a lot of real life situations now. This story states a strong and bold message about morals and having self pride in what you do on a daily basis.

Locke’s Logical Plain Method Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

Locke’s Logical Plain Method As those philosophers before him, or at least as far back as Descartes, John Locke is â€Å"perplexed with obscure terms and useless question† (qtd. in Jones 238), and is interested in starting fresh and free from the opinions of his predecessors. He devises the historical plain method in order to examine the knowledge we posses, with the assumption that the mind is â€Å"white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas,† (qtd. in Jones 245). My interest here, however, is to briefly describe, and to evaluate Locke’s historical plain method. The following passages are to demonstrate the chief values and key limitations of the historical plain method as it pertains to its own investigation of what is true from experience, and to show that Locke mistakes a logical approach for a historical approach, meaning that his method is a logical plain method. The historical plain method allows us to distinguish between what is true, and therefore important enough to warrant our consideration, and what is fantasy and not worth our time. It accomplishes this by examining an object to see whether it has originated from our sense perception, and is thus a sensation, or from the operations of the mind, and thus a reflection. If the object is thus found to have its origins in either the senses or the mind, then it is to be a true object, or one that does exist. Objects that are conveyed by the senses are such as â€Å"hard,† â€Å"red,† â€Å"loud,† and the like. Some are combinations of more than one simple idea derived from more than one sensory input. In the case of â€Å"fast,† the speed of something can both be derived from seeing motion as well as feeling motion. Objects conveyed by the operations of the mind are such a... ... reality of objects, but it may not have the ability to be proven beyond any doubt, and is thus less certain than the logical inquiry. Locke’s historical plain method, named so incorrectly, endeavors to show what is true and false, what is meaningful and meaningless, and therefore, what is important and what is not important. By examining objects it deems to demonstrate their origin as being of sensation or reflection. Since Locke assumed all ideas to be based on simple elements however, he pursued in that direction, which is a psychological and logical one. Thus, Locke developed the logical plain method, but mistakenly named it the historical plain method. For the historical order begins with the objects, and through investigation of it, we derive its simple elements. Works Cited Jones, W. T. Hobbes to Hume. 2nd edition. Fort Worth: Harcourt, 1980.

Critical Review for the Article Essay

The electronic journal entitled: ‘The Long-Term Performance of Horizontal Acquisition’, by Laurence Capron of the Institut Europeen d’Administration des Affaires (INSEAD), published in 1999 by the Wiley and Sons publishing, has studied the creation of â€Å"horizontal mergers and acquisition†. In Capron’s paper, he dated his studies from mid-1980’s to early 1990’s financing strategies of firms in divesting and liquidating its assets which he referred as the â€Å"horizontal mergers and acquisition†. Capron has cited about 253 firms in Europe and America that patterns the financing strategies. According to Capron (1999), examination reveals divestment of assets and capital infusion (re-financing of liquidated assets) makes effective to â€Å"acquisition performance†, but could have potentially detrimental impact. As what Capron emphasized on the performance of acquisition based on â€Å"divestment and redeployment (re-acquisition) of resources†, his study examines the defects and compliments on effective means in â€Å"horizontal mergers and acquisition†. Key points and rationale As reviewed from the journal, the â€Å"horizontal acquisitions† may be exemplified as a means and strategy in establishing the resource-divestment scheme, in which by doing so, it â€Å"optimizes or exploits the values of cost-based and revenue-based synergies† (Capron 1999: p. 988). As explained, it may be perceived that the â€Å"synergy† patterns the continuing acquirement of business values, as a result of divestment wherein merging of the newly diversified firm or business values acquires more assets and capital budget. According to Capron (1999), the cost efficiency theory emphasizes on the significance of cost-based synergies that occur when assets have been divested resulting the integration of cost-saving measures. Thus, the firm performs effectively in enhancing its revenues that synergizes with the redistribution of the capital towards an enhanced capability. It may be analyzed from the findings of Capron that the 1980’s and 1990’s rapid growth of industries brought about by globalization have emerged more investments in the supply chain. One of which is the positioning of developed and high-end industries within raw material sources. Like, for example, diversification process has been developed in Asian countries wherein more investment in cheap raw materials and labor are available and can be acquired easily. The â€Å"horizontal acquisition† could be drawn from establishing partnership, subsidiary in operation, joint ventures and inter-dependency in export and import schemes. Hence, for example â€Å"Company A† has divested in establishing â€Å"Company B† to engage in tire manufacturing that source out the cheapest raw materials. In which case, a diversified industrial firm could venture out into â€Å"versatile† business values that optimize capital investments for a larger revenue generation translated into cost effectiveness that means substantial profitability. In Capron’s finding, the so-called â€Å"economy of scale† became the bases of diversification process that paved the way to a â€Å"large-scale† industrialization. The 20th century practice of the economy of scale has favored more industries to capture the â€Å"investment areas†, specifically in poor countries. The â€Å"dispensation of merging† through open-ended stockholding in small-medium-large enterprises units has put significant relevance in acquiring industrial partnership, wherein capital investment has a critical role in merging companies. As cited from Capron’s findings, the logical economic explanation is capturing revenue-based synergies which are commonly identified as allocating and complementing resources by providing â€Å"core competencies† or â€Å"mobilizing invisible assets† (Penrose 1959; in Capron 1999: p. 989). As cited, Capron also pointed out in his â€Å"theoretical model† of post-acquisition and target redeployment (Capron 1999: pp. 990-995). According to Capron, the theory describes the diversification process as focusing on (1) asset divestiture, (2) cost-saving, (3) resource redeployment, and (4) revenue-enhancing capabilities as an effective means of â€Å"acquisition performance† (Capron 1999: p. 992). The theoretical model refers to and explains the â€Å"basic economic behavior† as outlined in the acquisition performance. Capron further theorized that capabilities in a divested firm are being distributed as an organizational undertaking. Meaning, it can be explained that the system of corporate governance and human resources are distributed or being shared that composes the acquisition performance. However, key â€Å"organic elements† were emphasized to have been integrated in the divestment process, in which the re-deployment (or deployment) of the organizational â€Å"system or setting† are acquired. Conclusion Capron’s examination on the horizontal acquisition and projection of model in strategic post-acquisition and redeployment could be understood as a fundamental undertaking in diversification process. It may be true that most of merging firms in their acquired assets or business are mainly distributing their in-placed â€Å"organizational or corporate system†. However, the merging firms could likewise optimize or â€Å"streamline the existing organizational set-up, which is the common occurrence in most firms that undertaken a â€Å"buy-out†. It may be perceived that the revenue-generation could be largely acquired into options by streamlining the existing organizational set-up or re-organizing both human and capital resources. Capron’s findings have emphasized more on the performance capability on the theory of â€Å"horizontal acquisition† referring only to capital budget, as implied on the capital resources or fixed assets of the firms. The human resource aspect [as a critical unit] of the post-acquisition process may have not been well emphasized. What has been generally discussed in the study is the transformative business value in divestment schemes referring to capital investments and fixed asset liquidation. It could be reflected that the capital investment and fixed asset liquidation are the critical factors in the divestment schemes as the primary resource of merging stakeholder. It could be suggested that the â€Å"potentially detrimental impact† [as also pointed out by Capron] could be referred to the human resources or labor force in a diversified industry. The merging stakeholder in Capron’s findings were much given relevance on how they could effectively perform in targeting their post-acquisition and redeployment, in which the study itself envisions to complement the performance capabilities of the stakeholders. At this point, we may re-examine Capron’s â€Å"theoretical model† as giving more â€Å"weight† to the envisioning of transnational and multi-national enterprises in furtherance of globalization, in which the continuing divestment scheme competes in the large scale economy of labor market and capital build-up. We may then conclude that Capron’s findings could be re-examined with further studies relating to human resources re-deployment or deployment on its horizontal development complementing the diversification of industries, in which the parallelism envisions both human and capital divestment. Section B Morrison’s bid to Safeway The electronic magazine of the Financial Times on its December 8th 2003 issue at the www. ft. com web site has published the news article of Richard Milne entitled: ‘Countdown Starts for Morrison’s Bid for Safeway’. According to the news article, the Morrison Supermarket bided 21 days from its competitors, such as Tesco, J. Sainsbury and Asda-WalMart, following the UK government’s offer to sell the Safeway supermarket. The UK Department of Trade and Industry disclosed that â€Å"Morrison was willing to sell its 53 stores if acquisition of Safeway is successful† (Richard Milne 2003; in Ft. com 2008). Morrison’s negotiation was favored by the UK Competition Commission that disqualified the three major competitors from the bidding and upheld Morrison to takeover Safeway with a share of 219-1/2 from the 279-1/2, in which Safeway acknowledged the buy out. In a follow up report in 2004, after a year of the buy out, the Safeway has gained 40% of sales growth. Financial analysts claimed that Safeway has â€Å"migrated customers† to Morrison supermarket, as it cited that â€Å"quality of sales has gone better because Morrison has stopped the Safeway policy of rolling deep discounts† (Martin Dickson 2004; in Ft. com 2008). Perception of the issue Morrison’s takeover of Safeway supermarket has gauged the situation of significant financial divestment venture. The business potentials of Safeway [being an established supermarket that solely competes with Tesco, J. Sainsbury and Asda-WalMart] were the â€Å"strong intent† of financial divestment of Morrison to even offer the sell of its 53 stores. The financial divestment of Morrison could be relating Capron’s findings on the â€Å"horizontal acquisition† of merging stakeholders by way of capital investments through diversified assets. In which case, the Safeway supermarket has found by Morrison as a â€Å"potential divestiture† that shall absorb the vulnerability from tough competitors. The merging of stakeholder through a buy-out or takeover of an established investment [like Safeway] may have validated Capron’s theory of â€Å"post-acquisition and redeployment†, in which Morrison has able to â€Å"contain† the migratory customers and could further develop the acquisition performance of divesting financial investments. The divestment process of Morrison’s takeover to Safeway has likewise described Capron’s finding on merging firms that engages in the economy of scale. One that Morrison has learned from the Safeway’s enterprise approach on rolling deep discounts, wherein it found to be defeating the â€Å"selling schemes†. Thus, managing the risks in â€Å"horizontal acquisition† has gained Morrison’s capability to undertake strategic competition that transformed the â€Å"old Morrison business† through the new outfit of Safeway supermarket. It may be then generally perceived that Capron’s theory on â€Å"horizontal acquisition† has transformative business value in enhancing the financial investment and liquidating a frozen asset [like Morrison’s 53 stores that are non-performing], of which a â€Å"unilateral† financial divestment scheme in managing risk investment, that is vulnerable to tightened competition, gains flexibility upon acquiring an established business venture. However, this assumption is perceptive of a challenge to the continuing financial divestment of core industries in the global market. List of References Capron, L. (1999) ‘The Long-Term Performance of Horizontal Acquisition’. Strategic Management Journal, pp. 987-1018, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. , CCC 0143– 2095/99/110987–32. Dickson, M. (2004). ‘Companies UK: Safeway Sale’. The Financial Times (2008). [online] available from [14 June 2008] Milne, R. (2003). ’ Countdown Starts for Morrison’s Bid for Safeway’. The Financial Times (2008). [online] available from [14 June 2008]

The Harmful Effects Of Overusing Technology - 1546 Words

The Harmful Effects of Overusing Technology The discovery of technology has had plenty of so called positive effects on us Americans. Due to new technology based inventions, coming out every other day. We Americans are able to get places every day without much physical movement. We talk to each other without getting out of a chair or picking up a pencil, do our jobs quicker; easer; or with less people to deal with, create ways to carry our money and personal information without dealing with paper and much more. Because technology has made it so we Americans can live simpler, doing the least amount of work possible, we overlook the negatives. Technology is transforming human kind for the worst. We are becoming lazy, unsocial, and unhealthy. We are at more risk now, with all the technology that has been invented, then we were when technology, that we posse, now was just a dream in the inventors mind. Technology in today’s world has taken over humanity. We are unable to function without it. Americans are greatly over using technology allowing it to take part in almost every aspect of their lives. Shure technology has made life easy; but, it has also affected us in many negative ways such as making us lazy, taking our jobs, and making our world more dangerous. Ever since technology was invented we are becoming lazier with every year that passes. To look back on our ancestors, recognizing all they have achieved without technology and how they survived with only the help ofShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Overuse Of Technology On Human Health1253 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of overuse of Technology on Human Health Technology has become a major part of human activities today. People engage in different activities through the use of technology for communication, traveling, and different devices used in every career. Despite the fact that technology has eased the performance of different tasks, it has a detrimental effect on human health. 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Therefore, users can get high performance PCs at a reasonable price. So, this is the new era of computers and artificial intelligenceRead More The Effects Of Technology On Human Health2030 Words   |  9 PagesTran Professor: M. Scott Carter English1213 MC03F 9 December, 2015 Negative Effects of Technology on Human Health In recent years, technology has been on a continuous rise. It has become an integral part of the lives of countless individuals. From laptops to mobile phones, various devices have their daily use in the daily affairs of people, whether the average citizen or famous personalities. For the most part, technology has its benefits. Students now have easy and quick access to multiple sources

Isaiah s Testament Prophets Of The Bible - 927 Words

Isaiah is known as one of the greatest Old Testament prophets of the Bible. Isaiah’s name means â€Å"The Salvation of the Lord†. Isaiah lived in Jerusalem. In the book of Isaiah, Isaiah warned his own people in Judah, Israel, and other nations of the many things that God instructed his followers not to do. In his Biblical account, Isaiah states that he received visions from God. He states that these visions were prophecies which were to come true. In his many prophecies, Isaiah foretells of one significant prophecy, which is the prophecy of Jesus. Isaiah specifically wrote about a child who would have no human father. This child would be God s faithful servant. Isaiah said that this child would become king and as king, this child would justly rule. As king, the Holy Spirit would rest upon. Isaiah told that the people would not accept him as God’s servant. Isaiah told his people that when this child was grown, he would die for us as a sacrifice so that God will f orgive us. Then, God s servant would live again. Everyone must trust him. God will forgive the people who confess their evil deeds to God. So, God himself will rescue his people. Jewish tradition holds Isaiah lived under the reigns of four kings of Judah—Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. During his life, Isaiah was said to have been married to a prophetess, with whom he had two sons. The two sons were Shear-Jashub, whose names means â€Å"a remnant shall return†, and Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz, whose name mean â€Å"speed theShow MoreRelatedIsaiah s Significance Of The Old Testament But None Like Isaiah956 Words   |  4 Pagesin the Old Testament but none like Isaiah. The prophet Isaiah is one of the most significant prophets in the Old Testament. Very little is known about his personal background but there is a lot of information on his legacy and his relevance to Jesus Christ. 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Literary Analysis Of Waiting For Superman - 1023 Words

Who is Superman? Many might recognize Superman as a hero of great prevail, with super powers that bend the laws of the universe. Truly, Superman is recognizably one of the strongest and well-known heroes in the DC Comics universe. Children view him as a role model, perhaps as a personal hero - one with astounding power and absolutely triumphant morals; one that always does good. If our perception of a â€Å"superhero† is a person that does good in any situation, then our definition of an actual Superman in our society can vary - depending on the judgment of a person. In Waiting for â€Å"Superman† - Davis Guggenheim’s thought-provoking documentary - the definition of Superman is compared to the saving grace for the public school system. The film†¦show more content†¦The end of the song exhibits the narrator’s regret for his actions, backed with a simple but elegant piano verse. The song tells a story, with an introduction, a climax, and a resoluti on - â€Å"It’s you and me baby, it’s gone for good† (Muse). With how beautifully this song depicts the show of emotion through verse, it is surely a great comparison to the musical undertones of Guggenheim’s film. Throughout the beginning of the film, the background music is mystical, perhaps even somewhat intriguing. The sound of the music sets the tone of that part of the documentary - a part to provide the audience with facts and statistics about American education. The curious sounds made by instruments captures our attention, and makes us really think about what education is really about. It makes us wonder what will happen to all of the kids - will they succeed in entering prestigious schools? Will they get the chance to build a better future? Indeed, it captures our emotion and thought. However, there is a tonal change brought about in the middle of the film - with Green Day’s American Idiot introducing yet another set of statistics. This c hange in rhythm captures our attention immediately, using the iconic song as a great transition into a more amusing part of theShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of Waiting For Superman1169 Words   |  5 PagesSuperman Can’t Save Them All A school’s main mission is to set up its students to succeed in the future. Almost everyone goes through the experience of school, but everyone experiences it differently. For me, I was fortunate enough to not worry about my education while growing up. For some, a good education is never a concern and these students do not have to worry about being prepared for the future. For others, such as the ones in Waiting for Superman, a good education does not come as easily.Read MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesPhenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some TheoreticalRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 PagesBeauvoir. Sartre was offered various awards, including the  Là ©gion d honneur  and a Nobel Prize, both of which he declined. 3. Albert Camus A French writer from Algeria, Albert Camus was famous for his deep, yet concise, literary pieces. In addition to his novels, essays and plays, Camus was a journalist, and during World War II, a member of the French resistance against German occupation. His philosophy, which is described in his essay,  The Myth of Sisyphus, centers aroundRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 Pagesourselves the more it becomes necessary and inevitable that others laugh at us.9 Humor and Wisdom in Europe: Some Highlights Renaissance Humor: Erasmus, Rabelais, Cervantes, Shakespeare In his book Rabelais and His World, the Russian philosopher and literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin wrote: â€Å"The Renaissance conception of laughter can be roughly described as follows: Laughter has a deep philosophical meaning, it is one of the essential forms of the truth concerning the world as a whole, concerning historyRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 PagesBUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 APPLICATION SECOND EDITION E S S AY S APPLICATION BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 ECSNS A IYI O N S SE O D ED T With Analysis by the Staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School Newspaper ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN NEW YORK 65 SUCCESSFUL HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL APPLICATION ESSAYS, SECOND EDITION. Copyright  © 2009 byThe Harbus News Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America

Mining Projects in Australia Free Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Identify a Multinational Company Operating in Australia. Provide a brief description of the Company. 2.Identify any regulatory framework/s affecting the multinational company you have Identified Operating in Australia and discuss why and how it affects the company. 3.Identify any treaties, Conventions or agreements that have impacted on the products or services that multinational company provides in Australia. How does it Impact the goods/services? Answers: 1.Metal and mining industry of Australia is very wide, and Rio Tinto is the biggest player of this industry. This company is operated in Australia for the period of more than 100, and it joins almost 200000 people as shareholder of the company till todays date. Almost half assets of the company are in Australia, and this company conducts its operation in various products such as iron ore, aluminum, coal, diamonds, bauxite, alumina, salt, and uranium. Production activities of company are operated in almost more than 30 operating sites and processing plants in Australia. Commitment towards environment is the important issue recognized by the company, and this company also aims to build communities which are sustainable and resilient. Commitment of company towards environment ensures safe future (Rio Tinto, n.d.). Rio Tinto is the leading company in mining and metal industry at global level, and the main focus of this company is on the finding, mining, processing, and marketing the mineral and natural resources of earth. Company has clear strategy towards its activities, and the main aim of the company is delivering the superior value of the shares hold by shareholders through their activities. Strategies of the company include strength of the company such as world class assets of the company, talented employees, balance sheet which is strong and operating excellence (Rio Tinto, n.d.). Global Footprint- approach of company towards their work includes values of safety, respect, teamwork, integrity, and excellence. These factors are combined with the strength of workforce of the company and assets of the company. Values of the company are very helpful in achieving the future success at long term. Workforce of the company is really big and it includes 50000 employees in almost 35 countries. Company develops such a culture where safety of their peoples are necessary and workers also keep check on their safety as well as safety of their workmates, contractors, and community. In this company every person is responsible to create and preserve value for their business, and diversity and innovation of products is the main attribute of every person, and values of the company guides the actions of the company. Companys headquarters are situated in UK, and group of companies involve Rio Tinto plc, a company which is listed on London and New York Stock Exchange, and Rio Tinto Limited which is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange. This company strongly represents the Australia and North America, and successful conduct its activities in the Asia, Europe, Africa and South America. Such global activities helps the company in getting expert knowledge in technology and marketing, and also help the company in supplying right product at right time with right quality. Business of the company includes underground mines, mills, refineries, smelters and power stations, and it also conduct its activities in the field of hydropower portfolio, and researches and service facilities (Rio Tinto, n.d.). Industry of company- Rio Tinto operates in metal and mining industry, and this industry is the biggest industry of Australia. Employees in Australia- Rio Tinto have almost 23000 people in Australia, and contractors also (Rio Tinto, n.d.). Employees at global level- 54938 employees are employed by Rio Tinto at global level, and in 2016 company employed almost 51030 that are more than 50000 employees at global level (Statista, 2016). Headquarters of company- the headquarters of company are established in London and UK. 2.Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is the important Act which recognize the importance of environment while operating the companys activities. In Australia, provisions of this Act are recognized at national level, and as per the provisions person is committed an offence if any activity conducted by such person adversely affect the matter protected by Act. Person does not commit any offence if such activity is conducted with the approval of minister of environmental department in Australia. Provisions of this Act cover all those matters which are related to the protection and conservation of natural environment (department of Environment and Energy, n.d.). Environmental rules of developing body are those rules on the basis of which mining industry frame its environmental regulations in Australia. These laws are framed and updated by state government because its their duty to protect and conserve the natural resources against the projects of mining industry. Protection of natural environment is the important issue which led to introduction of various laws related to mining industry. These legislations are developed for ensuring that all projects related to mining industry must go through the assessment in environmental context. This process usually involves three stages in which first stage states the obligation on companies to submit proposal for project in which developer state the plan for reducing the negative impact on environment, second stage includes the assessment of project by government bodies in the context on impact on environment, and last stage includes the approval from government bodies to carry on the project (Chambers and company, n.d.). This process is framed by the government with clear intention of imposing some obligations related to environment on companies, and it require that company must address all the issues related to environment before initiating any working on their proposed project. Such requirements help the project developer to identify those issues which are related to public concern at the starting level of the project. After identifying such issues company can frame strategies at the initial stage and avoid the losses incurred at later stage of the project. This process helps the country in bring transparency in their mining legislations (Safe work Australia, n.d.). Mining industry negatively effects the environment and this issue is the big concern of public. General awareness related to harmful effects of mining industry on natural environment is rising among the general public and potential effects that can be caused by the activities of the industry on natural resources. Because of raising awareness, many new initiatives and legislations are introduced by both government and companies which are engaged in the mining activities. It must be noted that operations of metal and mining industry such as exploration of resources, cause various negative effects on the environment such as effects which cause before, during, and after mining operations. Effect and nature of adverse impacts are clearly depends on the range of factors which are associated with the mine. These factors involve various things such as characteristic of the ore body, type of technology and extraction methods used by the company in mining and also the processing of minerals which are conducted on site, and the local environment sensitivity. Usually, impact of mining activities on local environment is completely depends on the sensitivity of area. There is no direct physical impact of mining activities on environment but its effects are indirect such as land contamination, air contamination, and water contamination also. 3.Following international treaties and conventions affect the products and services of Rio Tinto: Ramsar Convention- this convention is ratified by the Australian government, and it is recognized as treaty which is intergovernmental. This treaty states the procedure which is related to national action, and it also receives the support of organizations working at international level for ensuring the conservation of sustainable use of wetlands and resources related to them such as salt. This convention has great impact on the activities of Rio Tinto because this company extracts number of products from wetlands. Therefore, it is necessary while extraction that company took actions to reduce the effect of its activities on wetlands (Ramsar, n.d.). UNFCCC- this agreement was conducted between the parties on 21st March 1994, and now membership of this agreement is reached at universal level. As part of Rio Convention, this agreement was adopted in the Earth summit held in 1992 at Rio. At the same time some other agreements are also adopted by the members such as UN Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention to Combat Desertification. All these agreements are connected in some form with each other, and the main issue conducted by them is that they have to develop synergies on those issues which are similarly addressed in them. This convention also includes one more agreement that is Ramsar convention, and this convention is introduced for the purpose of protection of wetlands and its related resources, and this convention is also ratified by the Australia. The main aim of UNFCCC is to prevent the dangerous interference of human beings in the natural environment (UNFCCC, n.d.). in the present case, Operation of Rio Tint o are the clear interference of human beings in natural environment and it is necessary for the company to take steps for reducing the impact of its activities on environment such as exploration and extracting of natural resources will led to shortage of resources for future generation. Therefore, company must comply with UNFCCC while initiating its projects. Kyoto Protocol: Kyoto protocol is the part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and it is signed at international level. The main aim of this protocol is to set target for reducing the internationally binding emission, and for this purpose this protocol needs commitment from members of this protocol. As per this protocol, from last 150 years developed countries conducting the industrial activities and because of this they become the biggest contributor in increasing GHG. Through this protocol such highly contributing countries face pressure and different responsibilities are imposed on them under similar principles. This protocol was adopted in japan on 11th December 1997, and on 16th February 2005 this convention was come into force. Rules are adopted in Marrakesh, Morocco, for the purpose of implementation of Kyoto protocol, and it is known as Marrakesh Accords (UNFCCC, n.d.). It is the duty of companies engaged in metal and mining industry that they must comply with all their obligations related to natural environment stated in abovementioned treaties and conventions. Companies can fulfill these obligations by following the steps stated in above process and by fulfill their obligations related to working sites and by taking the approval from relevant government authority (Environmental management in Mining, n.d.). Meeting was held in 1994 at the International Association of Impact Assessment (IAIA), and representatives of World Bank attend this meeting, also by the members of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and those agencies which work at international level. Question was raised towards Australia for taking initiative by showing example of best practices of environment in mining industry (Garner, n.d.). Issue related to biodiversity becomes the serious concern at global level with the growth of human population. Activities conducted by the company adversely affect the biodiversity, and it also develop interest with important stakeholders of the company, also includes government local communities and non-government organizations. Since 2004, Rio Tinto recognized the important of management of sound biodiversity, and they also framed strategy for this purpose. Strategy framed by the company for this purpose includes various aspects such as it states that all sites must understand the risk and impact related to biodiversity, and such sites which show high risk must develop plan for minimizing those impacts (Rio Tinto, n.d.). References: ABS. Mining and the environment. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/90a12181d877a6a6ca2568b5007b861c/ce28d7fbe5faa308ca256cae0015da32!OpenDocument. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Chambers and Company. An Overview of the Australian Legal Framework for Mining Projects in Australia. Available at: https://www.chamberslawyers.com/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/10/060518-Presentation-Eng.pdf. Accessed on 23rd April 2017. Deparrtment of the Environment ad energy. Local government and Australian environment law. Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/resource/local-government-and-australian-environment-law. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Environmental management in mining. Overview of best practice in environment management in mining. Avaialble at: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjYtpyss63TAhUVUI8KHa5mC6IQFgghMAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apho.org.uk%2Fresource%2Fview.aspx%3FRID%3D93778usg=AFQjCNH5ibJ8aNh2Rj94W0BviWBuEMQ6yQ. Accessed on 14th April 2017. Garner, L. E. International treaties governing mineral exploration. Environmental and engineering geology, volume 3. Ramsar. ABOUT RAMSAR. Available at: https://www.ramsar.org/. Accessed on 14th April 2017. Rio Tinnto. Rio Tinto in Australia. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/australia-9559.aspx. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Rio Tinto. Rio Tinto in Australia. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/documents/Rio_Tinto_in_Australia_brochure.pdf. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Rio Tinto. About Rio Tinto. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/aboutus/about-rio-tinto-5004.aspx. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Rio Tinto. History. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/aboutus/history-4705.aspx. Accessed on 26th April 2017. Statista, (2016). Number of employees at Rio Tinto from 2006 to 2016 (in thousands). Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/272483/rio-tinto-number-of-employees-since-2006/. Accessed on 26th April 2017. UNFCCC. First steps to a safer future: Introducing The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Available at: https://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/items/6036.php. Accessed on 14th April 2017. UNFCCC. Kyoto Protocol. Available at: https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php. Accessed on 14th April 2017. Rio Tinto. Environment. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/ourcommitment/environment-4794.aspx. Accessed on 14th April 2017.